All Financial Matters

When many people think of debt management, they think of rearranging their budget so that they can pay off debts. But there is more to it than that. In fact, debt management is most effective when it’s done before debts get out of hand.

Debt management simply means keeping debts down to a level where they do not present a problem. Those who have managed debt successfully can usually pay off credit card balances each month, and they often put extra money toward loans to pay them off more quickly. They do not take on more debt than they can handle, so they have no trouble paying it back.

Tips for managing debt successfully

* When going into debt for a necessity like a house or car, shop around for the best interest rates. This will keep your monthly payments lower. But that doesn’t mean that you can’t put extra money toward the payment each month and pay the loan off ahead of schedule.

* Shop around for credit cards as well. They are not all created equal. Some have higher interest rates than others, and some charge annual fees while others do not. If possible, get a card that offers cash back on purchases.

* Limit your credit cards to one or two. The more credit cards you have, the more temptation you will face. If you are managing your debt properly, you won’t need more than two cards anyway.

* Refrain from getting cash advances. These usually carry a higher interest rate than regular purchases. If you need cash in an emergency and must get an advance, paying it back as quickly as possible will minimize the charges.

When debt gets out of hand

One of the most important aspects of debt management is knowing when you’re getting into too much debt. People often do not realize that they’re in too deep until their debt has become completely unmanageable, making it much more difficult to get back on track. By recognizing when debt levels are getting too high, you can retain control of your finances.

Early signs that you’re getting into too much debt include the following:

* You are having trouble making your minimum monthly payments.
* You use credit cards to buy everyday necessities, without paying the balance in full each month.
* Your total charges each month add up to more than your total payments.
* You are approaching your credit limit.

If you find that you are heading toward too much debt, taking action quickly could save you a lot of trouble - as well as a lot of money. By recognizing the early signs of debt overload and paying debt off as quickly as possible, you could regain control over your finances before you know it.

Paying off everything we owe on our own is the preferable way to handle debt. But sometimes that’s easier said than done. Our circumstances often change, making it impossible to even make our minimum monthly payments.

Debt consolidation is a solution sought out by many debtors who are in too deep. This can be achieved by transferring all debt to a low-interest credit card, or by taking out a home equity loan. There are also debt consolidation or credit counseling services that consumers can utilize.

How do these services work?

Credit counseling consists of negotiating with a client’s creditors for lower interest and/or lower payments. Late and over-the-limit fees are often waived as well. Then the client sends the credit counseling agency one payment each month, and the agency distributes the money to creditors as agreed upon.

The pros

If you’re unable to negotiate lower rates and payments with creditors on your own, a credit counselor can usually do it for you. This will save you money and help you get your debt paid off more quickly. The credit counselor can also help you write a budget to help you stick to the payment plan while still being able to afford all of your other expenses.

The cons

One problem with credit counseling is that it sometimes does not result in a monthly payment that the client can afford. Creditors are only willing to negotiate so far, and if you owe a lot of money you may not be able to afford the best deal they will give you. If that is the case, you’ll have to either find another means of paying your debt or consider bankruptcy.

Another thing about credit counseling is that it isn’t free. Credit counseling agencies may charge monthly fees for their services, adding them on to your monthly payment. If they don’t, they have to get the money to pay their employees somewhere. That “somewhere” is usually from your debtors, as a percentage of your payment.

There is some debate as to how going through credit counseling affects your credit. It is noted on your credit report. In most cases, you can’t get new credit until you complete the program. But it could also affect you after your debts are paid off. Many lenders consider credit counseling as being similar to Chapter 13 bankruptcy.

And finally, it is imperative to check out any credit counseling agency that you are considering. Just like any other business, there are some that are not trustworthy. The Better Business Bureau is a good source of information on credit counseling agencies.

Credit counseling may be able to help you get your debts paid off. But it is important to consider the pros and the cons of entering such a program. Trying to work out a deal with creditors on your own may work, eliminating the need to get a third party involved.

It was scary enough to think of them driving a car at sixteen. Now they are heading off to college. Most parents are not worried about their teenagers getting their hands on a credit card — the plastic of choice for college students. But should they have credit cards in the first place?

It never fails. If you advice your child against something, they will want to do it even more. That goes for credit cards, too.

College students are the fastest growing untapped market. They are not fully adults but not children either. They represent millions of dollars in buying power. They qualify for loans to attend college and other financial aid.

Credit card companies often make deals with colleges to distribute applications to their students in exchange for credit cards that carry the college logo or school name. It’s too bad that those applications are not accompanied by some literature or a course in money management. When the college students qualify for those high credit limits, they don’t account for the fact that they don’t have the income to repay their purchases.

The question is not whether college students should have credit cards but instead, who should give them one. They will acquire one whether parents want them to or not. To head off disaster, parents can be the one to supply the credit card for their college student.

You can add your college student to your own credit card account. You can have a card issued to them in their name but where you can see what they purchase on the account. Set some ground rules and see what becomes of the situation. If good money management has been a part of their life up until then, the student will have a fighting chance of resisting the temptations of plastic.

Go over the statements once a month with them. This can be done over the phone if they attend school far away, or in person if they can make it home for a weekend. Keeping in touch and setting up payments adds accountability to the equation. With a credit card, they will need that from you.

Another option is to open a bank account and get a debit card. Your college student can use the debit card like a Visa or MasterCard. By adding a certain amount of money to the account each month, you are setting a “credit limit” for them. If they can manage the money in this account over a period of time, they could prove themselves ready for a credit card.

College students may not realize the importance of a good credit score, but their parents do. In an attempt to keep their credit good, help them ease into the world of plastic by providing a proving ground of your own making to test their mettle.

Teens are literal people. When you offer them a job for a certain amount of money, this is what they expect to receive. In the world of work, this is not the case. Teaching your teen about taxes can make the transition less of a shock.

Income taxes are collected from everyone no matter how much money they earn. The government creates revenue for itself through our tax dollars. They can fund the military in wartime and provide social programs to benefit its citizens.

For your teen, the hourly wage gives them an idea of what they will earn for the hours worked during a pay period. This number is not the amount that they will receive on pay day, however. Prepare your child by telling them how the income tax system works.

When they gain employment, their employer will give them a tax form to fill out. They probably won’t understand it, so parents need to help them fill it out and explain what it means. The state and federal government determines how much money to take through taxes from the information recorded on the form.

For teens with a job, the earning potential is not enough to file a tax form on April 15th of the following year. There is an amount that, if a person’s earnings fall below it, they are not subject to income tax filing. Your teen will almost surely fall in that exempted category.

Show your teen how to get the most money that they can on their check. Even teens are allowed to claim deductions. They can claim one deduction even if they are included on their parents’ tax return. That deduction will net them more money in their pocket. Since they won’t make enough to file, this is a wise decision for them to make.

Teens also need to understand that when their earnings increase after high school or college, the tax laws change for them. More earnings mean that they will file a tax return and pay more taxes. But, for now, they have an advantage and should take full benefit of it.

Babysitting and other self-employment is subject to taxes if they make over a certain amount of money. Selling items on eBay could push your teen over the allowable limit for non-filers. In that case, discuss the forms needed to be filled out at tax time. Encourage your teen to save their money wisely in case the IRS deems that they owe tax money. Check with the IRS website to find out what the income limit is for the current filing year.

Taxes can be a shock for teens when they open their first check. Discussing the matter with them when they take on their first neighborhood job will prepare them for the eventuality. Foster the idea of good record keeping so it is easy to find out if they need to file or not at the end of the year.

It’s never too early to learn about money. Money makes the world go around. We need money to live our lives in today’s society. Kids who learn about money matters at an early age develop a healthy respect for handling it. Here are some usuful tips on how to teach kids money responsibility:

Parents are the first teachers for their kids. Don’t wait until the unit about money comes up in the third grade math class. Teaching the importance of money starts at home between parent and child.

Money doesn’t buy happiness, but it does keep one from starving. Mom and Dad have jobs that pay for the house, the food, the utilities, and everything a family needs. Kids need to know that their parents are not like money trees that you can shake until enough green falls down for a new bike or a new doll. There is only money to spend as long as the parents go to work and earn it.

Kids can start with their birthday and holiday money. Instead of spending it right away, show them how to save the money until there is more to add to it. Once they have saved enough, they can buy something that they want instead of settling for buying something with the little money they have received at that moment.

It is not enough to know that money exists. Kids must be able to handle it responsibly. Create a family budget and let the kids participate in the process. They will see how their parents divide their money between the bills and leisure activities.

Ask each child what they want to do for a special event each month. Setting up a fund for this purpose ensures that there will be money available to finance your ventures. Kids learn that instant gratification is not the only way to be happy. Using money the right way becomes a reward for discipline.

Not teaching kids about money can lead to a disaster. Without proper advice, they could turn to friends who may not be money savvy at all. Acquiring money without a plan for how to keep it results in a lot of money slipping through the cracks.

Kids that can’t manage their own money will expect Mom and Dad to do it for them. Whenever they get in a financial bind, they will call their parents to bail them out. Parents don’t want kids to suffer through unpleasant situations, but kids won’t learn important life lessons when not held accountable for their actions. Teaching this once the bad habits have been formed will be harder than you think.

Responsible money management doesn’t happen as an adult. It begins in childhood with that first birthday five dollar bill. Don’t wait; talk to them now about money. It matters.